- Acceptable Use Policy
- A former set of formal rules that govern how a
network, application or piece of information may be used. See also netiquette,
Terms of Service.
- Active X
- Software technology developed by Microsoft for
including applications into HTML pages. Lack of security let many people prefer
Java over Active X.
- Address
- An address on the Internet is described as a uniform
resource locator, which can be used for any type of addressing, such as e-mails
(mailto:info@gallery-net.com), web pages (http://www.news.com/) and ftp sites
(ftp://ftp.netscape.com/pub/communicator). Instead of using domain names, it is also
possible to use IP addresses. See also ftp, e-mail, IP,
uniform resource locator, web page.
- Address Resolution Protocol
- Used primarily with IP -- Network Layer to resolve
addresses.
- ADSL
- See asymmetric digital subscriber line.
- Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
- A computer network that has been developed in the
late 60s by the US Department of Defense to allow communication in a post-nuclear
war age. Predecessor of the Internet. See also internet.
- Ad-Server
- A program or server that is responsible for handling
the banner advertisements for several web sites. These servers offer statistics
about visits and movements of customers. They offer also functionality, such as
banner rotation, so that a single customer will not see a certain banner twice, when
visiting the same web page.
- Ad Transfer
- An ad transfer is the successful arrival of a
customer at the site of the banner advertisement. See also banner
advertisement.
- AFK
- Net-language for "away from keyboard".
- Agent
- Application that acts for a customer by completing
transactions, seeking information or prices or communicating with other agents and
customers.
- AI
- See artificial intelligence.
- Anonymous FTP
- See ftp.
- Anti-aliasing
- Process used to remove jagged edges in computerized
graphics.
- American Standard Code For Information
Interchange
- A standard for the representation of upper and
lower-case Latin letters, numbers and punctuation on computers. There are 128
standard ASCII codes which are represented by a 7 digit binary code. The other 128
codes are used differently on most computers. In order to display non-Latin codes,
Unicode is used in most cases. See also binary code, unicode.
- API
- See application program interface.
- Applet
- Java programs that are embedded into HTML pages.
Applets are restricted, in such a way that they are, for example, not allowed to
read and write to the hard disk of the user without explicit permission. See also
HTML, java, servlet.
- Application
- A program, which is self-contained and that executes
a set of well-defined tasks under user control.
- Application Program Interface
- Interface, which allows the communication between
programs, networks and databases.
- Archie
- Piece of software for finding files on anonymous
FTP sites. It searches only for file names and has been replaced by more powerful
web-based search engines. See also anonymous FTP.
- ARP
- See address resolution protocol.
- ARPANet
- See advanced research projects agency network.
- Artificial Intelligence
- A branch of computer science that studies how to
endow computers with capabilities of human intelligence.
- ASCII
- See american standard code for information interchange.
- Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
- ADSL is becoming the alternative to an ISDN line. It
allows much higher bandwidths over a standard digital telephone line. It needs to be
configured similar to a leased line in such a way that it can connect only to ISPs
that are near you. A typical ADSL setup allows download speeds up to 1.5 megabits
per second (about 200 kilobits per seconds), but upload is restricted to 128
kilobits per second (similar to two ISDN lines). ADSL works asynchronously, therefore
the different up- and download speeds. See also bit, bps, ISDN,
leased line, {\em xDSL.
- Asynchronous Transfer Method
- A fast, intelligent hardware switch which can
support voice, data, image, and video. Cell-switching (as opposed to packet)
technology which replaces variable-length packets now in use with uniform (53 byte)
cells. It promises any-to-any connectivity and networks that scale easily from a few
nodes to global deployment. Combines packet switching's efficient use of bandwidth
with circuit switching's minimal delays.
- ATM
- See asynchronous transfer method.
- Attached File
- A file, for example an application, image or sound,
that is embedded into an email message. See also e-mail.
- Audio Video Interleaved
- Windows format for saving video with sound.
- Authentication
- The process of verifying a person.
- Authorization
- The process of allowing access to a system to a
person.
- AUP
- See acceptable use policy.
- Avatar
- Three-dimensional representation or digital actor of
a customer in a web shop or in a chat room.
- AVI
- See audio video interleaved.
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